Major Faults/ Thrusts In Pakistan

The collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate occurred during late Eocene.  Kohistan Laddakh Arc (KLA) was sandwiched between the two major plates. The orogeny of Himalayan Fold belt occurred after the continuous subduction of the Indian Plate towards north beneath the Eurasian Plate. Continuous stresses developed due to the collision resulted in the development of the major thrust system. From north to south the main trusts present in Pakistan are Main Karakoram Thrust, Main Mantle thrust, Main Central Thrust(Ambiguous), Main Boundary Thrust and Main Frontal Thrust/Salt Range Thrust. 

Main Karakoram Thrust is present between Karakoram Micro plate (part of Eurasia) and KLA.  Main Mantle thrust is present between the KLA and Indian Plate, which marks the boundary of the Indian Plate. Main Central Thrust is present in India, whereas it is ambiguous in Pakistan. Main Boundary Thrust is present between the Lesser and Outer Himalayas.  Main Frontal Trust is the youngest and the southernmost thrust present in the Himalayan fold and Thrust belt. In Pakistan it is called Salt Range thrust. There is another major fault present on the Western extremity of the Sulaiman and Kirthar Fold and Thrust belts called Chaman Transform Fault. It is left lateral strike slip fault separating the Indian Plate from Eurasian plate in the northwest and western part of Pakistan.